Henry V
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1403: Henry IV Defeats Hotspur at the Battle of Shrewsbury
On 21 July 1403, King Henry IV defeated a rebel army led by Henry ‘Hotspur’ Percy in fields north of Shrewsbury. Hotspur was killed during the fighting, and the most serious immediate challenge to Henry’s rule collapsed with him. The two men had once been allies. The powerful Percy family supported Henry Bolingbroke when he…
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1420: Treaty of Troyes makes Henry V heir to France
On 21 May 1420, Henry V of England and Charles VI of France agreed on the Treaty of Troyes. The treaty made Henry regent of France and heir to the French throne. He was also to marry Charles’s daughter, Catherine of Valois. On paper, it was an extraordinary settlement. Henry had turned military success into…